Definition: OEM Customer
What is OEM?
Designing and manufacturing electronics hardware products
has evolved into two camps. One camp is the OEM. The other is comprised of
contract electronics solutions providers, who often subcontract with each other
for the same OEM
customer or program. Details below on differences between these firms
plus, why you must know, especially if you are looking to reduce or manage your
EMS sourcing spends.
OEM – Original
equipment manufacturer
The original equipment manufacturer (OEM) is the brand
owner, the company whose logo displays on the final product. Think Cisco, Dell,
Samsung, Lenovo, LG, Microsoft, Apple …
For example. Apple’s iPhone has the Apple logo clearly
visible to users. Apple is the OEM.
Apple designs its products, but Apple outsources the
majority of iPhone manufacturing production to contract electronics solutions
providers. Both EMS and ODM. Apple does this to leverage cost to scale.
It's cheaper for OEMs to pay another company (solutions
provider) to purchase and carry land and factory overhead costs, purchase and
deploy expensive production and test equipment, and pay a solutions provider to
hire, staff, and train provider employees inside factories external to Apple’s
organization, and pay the solutions provider to manage vendors and suppliers in
the supply chain, than for Apple to take on all of this responsibility 100%
internally.
Apple still employs a very large number of employees to
manage its outsourcing partners and programs. But, as a result of outsourcing
iPhone production, Apple carries little manufacturing infrastructure overhead
on its books. For OEM vs ODM, keep reading.
Contract electronics
solutions providers
The companies (providers of solutions) in this camp contract
their electronics services solutions to OEM customers (and other solutions
providers)* to bring OEM customer products to market.
Contract electronics solutions providers can be further
subdivided into CM, CEM, ECM, EMS, ODM, JDM, and electronics design houses.
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